Tissue interposition in hypospadias repair: A mechanical barrier or healing promoter?

Urethrocutaneous fistula (UCF) is an inherent, most common and a challenging complication of hypospadias repair. Although hypospadias repair techniques are numerous and varied, from simple to complex and demanding, none is immune from fistula formation [1]. The first step to avoid UCF formation after hypospadias repair is to understand how fistula occurs. Several factors have been suggested in published articles, but the most important causes can be summarised and categorised into the following groups.